Good And Evil Good Or Evil - 928 Words

Good and evil are very difficult terms to define. Some would seek help from their religions to help them determine whether a person is good or evil. Within Judaism and Christianity there are many ideas about who or what is good or evil. Many of these ideas contradict one another. It seems as though good and evil is based more on perspective than a set in stone definition. â€Å"Good† people in Judaism and Christianity are people who fear their God and strive to please Him. Sometimes they would even do sacrifice rituals. The Book of Job clearly shows a man who fears his God so much that even when he loses everything he owns, he is just as faithful. Job only questioned God’s motives for a moment. When God appeared in a Theophany, Job was overwhelmed and believed God when he said that Job was just a small part of the world He created and that Job could not possibly comprehend the universe as a whole. The book of Job is seen as a test of faith. The author of the Book of Job would define the evil in the world as a test of faith. Not everyone believed that evil was a test of faith. Many people questioned why God would have to take everything away and make them suffer like that, especially for someone as good and loyal as Job. Job’s friends in the story believe that Job must have done something to deserve such punishment. They would define evil as a divine punishment. However, this idea was abandoned on November 1, 1755 when the Lisbon earthquake killed 50,000 people and destroyedShow MoreRelatedGood And Evil : Good Or Evil?933 Words   |  4 Pages Good and Evil are two sides of the same coin. If one exists then the other has to exist. Existence of evilness and goodness makes us human or inhuman and also allows us to live in the world of free will, where we can choose and can make choices of our choice. So, for us to be a free will creature, we have to have a choice, to choose what is good for us. If God has given us only one cho ice rather then the two, then this world will be robotic, there will not be any free will and everyoneRead MoreEvil Is Good Or Evil?1448 Words   |  6 PagesEvil is the privation of goodness; in other words, evil is goodness spoiled. You can have good without evil, but you cannot have evil without good. There are forces of good and evil constantly working against each other in this world. Although it may seem as if evil has won sometimes, good will always prevail in the end. In Genesis 1-2, we can read that God created all things and called them â€Å"good.† Evil, or sin, is inescapable for humanity. We were born with a sin nature, and God loves us and hasRead MoreThe Good And The Evil903 Words   |  4 PagesThe Good and The Evil There is good and there is bad, I was only twelve when I figured this out the hard way. It was late during school when an alarm went off. I was a kid â€Å"what can go wrong† I thought to myself as I foolishly opened a door we were clearly prohibited to open because of a gun man near our school. This very action lead the school to expel me and this would change my life for the good. Although my bad decisions helped me know better, it’s the bad that lead these three myths to sufferRead MoreEvil Vs. Good And Evil1055 Words   |  5 PagesEvil vs. Good-Which One Shall Gain Control? Good and evil are a contradiction that works together. What I mean by this statement is that although good and evil are two very separate things, they could not exist without each other. Good is anything of which can be morally right. Evil is anything of profound wickedness. They are very different, aren’t they? Now, read a newspaper, listen to a story, or turn on the news. It is not definite, but you most likely will hear about an occurrenceRead MoreEvil and Good1339 Words   |  6 PagesIn Horrendous Evils and the Goodness of God , Marilyn McCord Adams uses another kind of defense for theism. In this reading Adams argues that the problem of evil has been directed at theism in general, which in this case has caused readers on either side of the debate to miss how important and how unique Christianity is to the problem of horrendous evils on this view. She argues that Christianity has a variety of unique tools that can meet the problem of evil more effectively when not abstractedRead MoreIs It Good Or Evil?1109 Words   |  5 Pagespeople evil? There are some that believe in ultimate hierarchy and there should be one ultimate government. No one can be overruled. This half also tends to believe that humans are inherently evil. On the other hand, those who oppose, although they also believe there should be some form of government, it should not be ruled by only one all-powerful sovereign. Those believe the peop le should be governed lightly and subjected to them. There are some who believe whether a person is good or evil dependsRead MoreGood And Evil : A Good Man1059 Words   |  5 Pages In many cases the image and placement of good and evil seem to be fairly easy to identify. Good and evil are viewed differently in many people’s eyes. In A Good Man is Hard to Find, good and evil seem to be easy to understand and identify, but once true horror comes into the equation, the characters true values become apparent. Flannery O Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find is about a grandmother and her family traveling to their vacation spot in Florida. Along the way theRead MoreThe Problem Of Good And Evil1572 Words   |  7 PagesThe problem of good and evil in the world has been a challenging subject for hundreds, even thousands of years. If God is all powerful – omnipotent, all knowing – omniscient, and all good – omnibenevolent, how can t hat same God allow evil to exist and for bad things to happen to good people? Unfortunately, this question has no certain answer, only theories of explanation. This question is also one of the main queries of my personal life that drives my beliefs - agnosticism. If an all powerful GodRead MoreThe Identification Of Good And Evil990 Words   |  4 PagesThe Identification of Good and Evil â€Å"A warped piece of wood must wait until it has been laid against the straightening board, steamed, and forced into shape before it can become straight; a piece of blunt metal must wait until it has been whetted on a grindstone before it can become sharp. In this quote, Hsun Tzu, who was a philosopher (300 BCE), explains that the nature of humanity is evil. Therefore, there must be directions that indicate our way to good. Throughout the life of a human being,Read MoreGod Is Good And Evil1451 Words   |  6 PagesThe naturally good world has been corrupted by evil, and a God is going to restore it to its nature. Apparently, the restoration is indeed obvious. It is shown through the everlasting teachings of kindness, harmony, and peace. Men are smart, but they are selfish and ignorant, making them unable to invent such moral teachings. Hence, those teachings, or Laws, are derived from an another source—God—who is perfectly selfless. Indeed, Christianity is sensical , for there are evidences that God is making

Power Distribution System Protection Relay Technician

Power Distribution System Protection Relay Technician To further my understanding and professional credentialing in Power Distribution System Protection I am pursuing an Associate in Applied Science at Richmond Community College (RCC). I am enrolled in the Electric Utility Substation and Relay Technology (A50510) program. My short term goal is to secure entry level employment as a Relay Technician with an Original Engineering and Manufacturer (OEM), a large public Utility, or a contract field service agency. My long term goal is to offer contract commissioning and relay field service through my own corporation. Contrary to prevailing conception of dynamism; the field of power distribution is slow to evolve and even slower to alter itself. Thalus of Miletus stumbled onto static electricity by rubbing fur on amber circa 600 BC (Timeline). It would be a twenty-two hundred years before English scientist William Gilbert coined the term electricus in his 1600 A.D. text De Magnete (Etymology). Electricus came from the classical Latin electrum, amber, and perhaps from the Greek á ¼ ¤ÃŽ »ÃŽ µÃŽ ºÃâ€žÃ ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ½ (elektron), amber.(Simpson) It would take an additional 250 years when in the 1800 s an explosion of knowledge erupted from employing the scientific method of recording procedures to develop repeatable results and saw proliferation of electrical laws and principles. In 1873 Belgian engineer Zenobe Gramme, who developed the DC generator, discovered entirely by accident that a DC generatorShow MoreRelatedFinal Year Project (Heat Sensor)15216 Words   |  61 PagesElectronic and Electric al of Engineering (EEE) diploma at Institut Teknologi dan Pengurusan Lebuh Victoria. This paper is based on the design and analysis of Heat Sensor with water pump system using cooling fan to reduce the temperature. This project was done to see the operation of heat sensor and how the water pump system and the cooling fan work. This project is divided into two parts namely software and hardware development. Also, it includes two circuits that need to be designed and developed, specificallyRead MoreThe Security Threats And Security Architecture Design3473 Words   |  14 PagesABSTRACT Among civilian communication systems, vehicular communications emerge as one of the most convincing effort made to enhance safety and improve the efficiency of transportation systems, to meet ever-increasing traffic demands. Security is one of the critical factors that need to be addressed towards the deployment of vehicular communication systems. The efficiency of the transportation systems, as well as the physical safety of vehicles, drivers, and passengers depend on the security factorRead MoreEngine Performance14258 Words   |  58 PagesMelior, Inc. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction The engine is the power plant of a vehicle. Automotive engines have gone through tremendous changes since the automobile was first introduced in the 1880s, but all combustion engines still have three requirements that must be met to do their job of providing power – air, fuel, and ignition. The mixture of air and fuel must be compressed inside the engine in order to make it highly combustibleRead MoreComputer Shop Case Study11796 Words   |  48 PagesWe conveniently say, it is good to have a business like a cafà ©. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY *General objective This system is design to create an interview to a cafà © that accommodates 50 pc above .This case study is to know all about computers it’s hardware and software using and how internet cafà © maintain good services to their beloved costumers. *Specific Objective This system is design to have a brief knowledge on how business will be a success and how it’s operated. 1.To earn profit and lessRead MoreGsm Based Anti Theft System11765 Words   |  48 Pagesthe project entitled ‘GSM BASED ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM ’, being submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering Degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering, affiliated to JNT University, is the work carried out by us. CONTENTS PAGE NO. (WRITE UR COMPONENTS LIST AS PER UR PROJECT) 1. ABSTRACT 2. INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT 4.Read MoreNsa Capstone Project Essay16270 Words   |  66 Pagesgetting the best quality programs and equipment for a great price takes a lot of searching and calling companies to make sure that this is the best product for the client. Making sure that you are doing the project in a timely manner doing random systems test to make sure that everything is running smoothly before going any further and finding out that something is working in the end to make sure that this project gets done in a timely matter. 1.5 QUALITY CONTROL Michael Elmore will monitor andRead MoreNfpa 100630569 Words   |  123 PagesTechnical Rescuer Professional Qualifications 2008 Edition NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright  © 2008 National Fire Protection Association ®. All Rights Reserved. This edition of NFPA 1006, Standard for Technical Rescuer Professional Qualifications, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Rescue Technician Professional Qualifications and released by the Technical Correlating CommitteeRead MoreNfpa 100630576 Words   |  123 PagesTechnical Rescuer Professional Qualifications 2008 Edition NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright  © 2008 National Fire Protection Association ®. All Rights Reserved. This edition of NFPA 1006, Standard for Technical Rescuer Professional Qualifications, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Rescue Technician Professional Qualifications and released by the Technical Correlating CommitteeRead MoreTransforming Total Sales into Net Profits51271 Words   |  206 PagesRead the Reviews â€Å"Viable Vision: Transforming Total Sales into Net Profits is a book for anyone responsible for increasing the profitability of their business. Gerry Kendall combines the theory with real life examples of its power to transform complex problems into clear, common sense executables that will increase the profitability of your business. If you think the complexities restrict the future success of your business, then you’re about to be enlightened.† —Patrick J. Bennett, Executive ViceRead MoreInternal Auditing in an Organization and Its Effects on Financial Administration and Controls14791 Words   |  60 Pagesdemand and delivery systems they can use. This integration will involve developing attest services to deal with 1) relevance as well as reliability 2) non-financial information as well as traditional financial statements 3) electronic databases as well as printed financial reports. Traditional attest functions have therefore expanded resulting in an equa lly expanded assurance function to involve the expression of written or oral conclusions on the reliability and / or information systems. We can summarize

Sun Tzu Strategic Management Free Essays

Sun Assignment 2. Strategic Management . School of Strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Sun Tzu Strategic Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Synder and Neil H. (1982) in their journal called ‘Strategic Management Journal’ , The school of strategy definition of strategic planning that are offered by Henry Mintzberg in 1981 concludes that strategic planning is a process involving all components of planning that integrated decision making, structured procedure with articulate results, and specific tactical objectives that should be seen as a whole process. In the school of strategy, there are 10 school of thought, it is divided into two parts which are prescriptive and descriptive. The details of the strategy are shown below. Prescriptive schools : consist of 3 schools which are Design, Planning and Positioning. Descriptive schools : consist of 7 schools which are Entrepreneurial, Cognitive, Learning, Power, Cultural, Environmental and Configuration. Also, Written in article called â€Å" An Overview of Strategy Development Models and the Ward-RIvani Model’ by Dr. David Ward (2005). In year 1977 another guy came along which a set of strategy alongside Mitzberg that called Whittington. He claimed that there are four criteria that will determine a strategy success which are Deterministic or Emergent, Single Goal or Pluralistic, Strategy Style, and Influences. The Link between Prescriptive schools and Descriptive schools. From what i understand from both of this schools, prescriptive schools are the first step of strategy that needed to be done If we would like to do something. For example, If you want to open your own business, the first step would be the prescriptive school where you need to design what kind of business you would like to do, plan how to do your business (business plan) nd also how you position your business(where do you want your business to be). In the other hand , Descriptive schools of strategies are the strategies and skills that are needed to bring forward you prescriptive schools . Where all components of this strategy can effect your business. For example, any successful business need to have a leader who can lead the organization forward wh ere what has been designed, plan , and positioned and to be a leader, strategy as entrepreneurship is essential. The Differences between Prescriptive schools and Descriptive schools. In Prescriptive schools, design and planning are the aim of a company â€Å" to fit organizational capability with environmental ability and to best allocate resources to achieve any chosen goals within a specific timeframe† and to make the aim a success, a proper positioning strategy needed to be done. All of theses examples often using strategies such as environmental analysis such as SWOT analysis (design), forecasting (planning), Market segment five forces (positioning). Therefore, we would understand here that prescriptive schools are used to understand more about the market. For instance, in strategic management, prescriptive schools are often used to determine who is your target market, understanding your competitors, defining your opportunities, and also what kind of strategy that our company would like to execute properly to gain competitive advantage especially if you are doing business globally or growing your business internationally. In the other hand, Descriptive Schools are more of all the things that needed to be in order within a company or organisation to execute the strategy that has been choose. For example, even with a proper planning but without a proper team to execute it, it will be hard for any business to sustain even in the early stage while making business. Its consist of leader needed, networking we have, culture reflects , economic cycle, environmental circumtances, ethics , and also cognitive psychology. Which means that, in descriptive schools , it is all the components that a company or firm need to have in order to execute any strategy perfectly. How to Profeciently Execute any strategy when we already understand about the schools of strategy? In the world business nowadays, understanding the theoretical area of a strategy such as schools of strategy would not be enough to execute a perfect strategy. As had been stated by Gamble and Arthur (2009) in their book called ‘ Essentials of Strategic Management’ , They have stated that there are three elements that needed to be have in order to execute any strategy. The elements are shown below : Human Capital – Intangible assets such as skills, knowledge, and values that are required by the strategy. . Information Capital – Intangible assets such as the systems, databases, and networks that support the strategy. 3. Organizational Capital – Strategy supportive intangible assets such as leadership, alignment of goals, and teamwork. Whittington’s Classification of Strategic Perspective. According to Whittington(2002), in his book called ‘ What is Strategy and Does it Matter’ , increasing profits is the highest goal of business an d rational planning needed if we want to attain it. Meanwhile, the strategic aim in business would be earning a return on capital, and if in any particular case the return in the long run is not enough, the deficiency should be corrected or the activity should be abandoned. To sum up the idea of whittington : Classical Approach of strategy. – a classical approach to any strategy requires that the manager must be ready and capable of adopting profit maximizing strategies through long term planning. Besides that there are three more example of approach that are shown below : Evolutionaty Approach of strategy. oes not rely on top management skill to plan and act rationally. Instead, it will all depend on the markets which will determine the profit maximization. Also, in evolutionary perspective, the best selected strategy will determine the performance of the company. Processual Approach to strategy. Organizations and markets are wrought with confusion and mess. Therefore, the best Processual method is not strive for the ideal, in stead, it needed to work with the reality offers where micro-political view has implied that firms are not united towards a single goal such as profit. Besides that, it will be up on the number of individuals with different interest and bring them to the organization. The main strategy for this approach is to simplify all the complex processes. Systemic Approach on Strategy. – The theorist for this approach believe that the organization is capable of planning and acting effectively. All the social factors such as family, state, and religion influences the means and ends of a systemic approach and will define what is the suitable behavior for each of their members. In this approach, the organization are not just made up by an individuals but of social groups with interests. For instance, class and professions, nations and states, families and gender can be determine as the systemic variables. Hence, the strategy will depends on the social environment of the firm. Based on four approach on strategy by Whittington, these four theories of action in business will offer us an insight into the motivation behind any companies vision and what are the strategies that the companies would like to implement in order to gain competitive advantage in their market. Reference List : Ward, . (2005). An Overview of Strategy Development Models and the Ward-Rivani Model . . 1 (1), pg12-16. Gamble, Arthur,. (2009). Superior Strategy Execution – Another path of competitive advantage. In: Griffin, L. Essential of Strategic Management. America, New York: McGraw-Hill. pg116-136. Synder, Neil H.. (1982). Research Notes and Communications.. Strategic Management Journa. 3 (3), p265-267. Whittington, Richard (2002). What is Strategy- and Does it Matter?. UK: Thomson Learning. pg29-57. How to cite Sun Tzu Strategic Management, Essay examples

Divorce Essay Introduction Example For Students

Divorce Essay Introduction Broken families are on since the beginning of humanity. In fact, divorce, which has been very common in todays societies, is the major cause that leads to family devastation. However, although, in some cases, divorce is the only solution for a family to live in peace, one must think many times before taking such decision, and that is because of many . When life becomes unbearable between a women an her husband, they may think of divorce as being a fair solution for both of them to get their independence and live a normal life, they may even think that it is suitable for their children. However, this is not the case , divorce may have some serious consequences that can affect the whole society . Many religions disapprove of divorce. For instance, Islam is against divorce, and even if it is tolerated, it must be the last alternative to do. As we know from the Quran, it was never gods plan for families to experience such devastation, and that is because of many consequences that many affect not only the divorced couple or their children, but also the whole society. A community where divorce is common doesnt have strong links and relationships among its people, and hence will lack of solidarity and unity. Beside, divorce and failure of marriages make people lose confidence in marriage and behave against the religious and ethical ideals to satisfy their natural desires. For these reasons, Islam has given to men the right to marry four women; this may prevent men, at least, from divorcing if they want to get married another time. Other religions are stricter concerning divorce; Christianity, for example, and for the same reasons Listed before, forbids a couple to divorce no matter what happens which means that a wife and a husband are linked forever. As declared before, divorce must remain the last decision to take by a couple, because of its dreadful consequences on the whole family. Women, for instance, undergo enormous pain as a result of divorce. In most cases, law gives divorced women custody. Consequently, they find themselves alone with their children, and hence obliged to look after them in a society where divorced women may be looked in a bad way. Besides, most of divorced women dont have regular income, as they were financially depending on their husbands before divorce, so they have to work outside home, without neglecting their duties toward their children, and this is very difficult to accomplish especially with the sexual harassment that becomes very common. Emotionally speaking, a divorced woman feels as she was betrayed by her ex-husband .She may also start to hate all men, and this can have direct effects on the way she rises her children. It is believed that men are the least affected by divorce. However this doesnt mean that they do not suffer at all. Indeed, men suffer financially from divorce; they are obliged to support their children as well as their ex-wives. And because before divorce the responsibility was shared by both husband and wife, divorced men cannot always afford to pay alimony, thus they may be taken into alimony arrest and jailed. Apart from finance, men also experience a feeling of loneliness when they are separated from their children. Children from broken families suffer much pain from their parents action. When parents get divorced, their children become complex; a loss of family identity often makes them feel incomplete, if not inferior to others. For example, if a child is separated from his mother and one of his friends asks him: Its mothers day today, where is your mum? or How come sometimes you are contacted at this number and other times at another one? he will feel different from the others. Such innocent questions will force the child to face the painful reality of his family situation over and over again. Children also can feel guilty and responsible for their parents divorce. .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 , .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .postImageUrl , .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 , .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:hover , .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:visited , .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:active { border:0!important; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:active , .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43 .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u77de3da98547566c6553d034a2850d43:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lying to a Nco Essay This could be due to the fights that the parents may have over them. Sometimes parents openly declare to them that they are splitting up because of irreconcilable differences on parenting. Other parents may blame the children for their breakup because they

Concept of Therapy in Treatment

Mitosis Cell Lab Essays - Cell Cycle, Cellular Processes

Mitosis Cell Lab Essays - Cell Cycle, Cellular Processes Mitosis Cell Lab I Mitosis Cell Lab II. Introduction Life exists almost every where on this planet and if we are to attempt to comprehend what life is in all of its magnificence we must look at its simplest forms. Even a cell, the smallest form of life known is extremely complex. All life begins as a single cell. I can not begin to understand the depth of what it takes for one cell to multiply and change until we become conscious of ourselves. There are two types of cell division, Meiosis and Mitosis. Meiosis is where a cell splits and becomes four different cells. Mitosis is the process that allows a cell to split into two identical cells. This happens by having all of the DNA replicate before the cell splits so each has all of the original DNA. My lab shows mitosis in cell reproduction, because I do not have a microscope powerful enough to see the actual process within the nucleus I can not observe the chromosomes actually duplicate and separate. It is powerful enough to allow me to see cells splitting and I can observe the population growth without the aid of tools or instruments. First I began by starting the yeast culture in a bowl. I then removed a sample to observe it using a microscope. All throughout I measured the thickness of the yeast population. These observations combined show that through mitosis cells reproduce. III. Problem The challenge that faces me is how can I demonstrate mitosis or cell reproduction. The reason I have to do this is so that I can actually observe the process as it occurs and not just read or do work sheets about it. Unlike our former labs now we are not in absolute control of the lab. Density is a constant and properties of light are facts that can be stated in words. Life even on the smallest scale, cells, can be unpredictable and uncontrollable. IV. Hypothesis If I put yeast in warm water with sugar and flour then the culture will grow because the cells will reproduce through mitosis. V. Experimental Procedure A. Materials 1. Yeast 2. Warm water 3. Bowl 4. Sugar 5. Glass slide 6. Cover slip 7. Iodine 8. Microscope 9. Plastic wrap B. Procedure 1. Pour 2.5 cups warm water into bowl. 2. Add 3 table spoons of sugar into the water and stir. 3. Add just enough yeast to cover the surface of the water. 4. Stir slowly for a few seconds. 5. Cover with plastic wrap. 6. Every 5 minutes measure the thickness of the layer of yeast up to 1 hour. 7. After 15 minutes add .5 tablespoon sugar and stir again. 8. After another 15 minutes stir and take a small sample of the yeast population. 9. Place the sample on a slide add iodine and place cover slip over sample. 10. Observe under a microscope on all three powers. VI. Data/Results A. Quantitative Graph #1 The thickness of the layer of yeast after time. 4mm 3.5mm 3mm 2.5mm 2mm 1.5mm 1mm .5mm 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Time in minutes The data set that I studied should resemble an exponential model but because of time constraints I only observed the very beginning of its growth. If I gave the population more time and I continued to add food it would probably have kept reproducing until constraints like space and/or its waste (alcohol and more) began to slow its growth. B. Qualitative When I viewed the yeast under the microscope, the cells appeared average in size relative to the cells we looked for the other cell lab. I do not think I used enough iodine or I should have used a different die because I had a hard time seeing the nucleus. I did see the cells divide but it wasn't in great detail. I couldn't see the chromosomes but I did see the cell divide and blurry unknowns that was probably the nucleus and perhaps other organelles. When I looked at the sample on the lowest power I could easily see the population grow, even though individual cells could not be seen the sample seen never stopped moving. VII. Conclusion The main reason I conducted this lab was to show that mitosis is a process that in which cells reproduce. Personally I think that this is the most helpful lab we have done as

Operation Management Concepts Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Operation Management Concepts - Case Study Example This paper illustrates that the major role of having the operations management activities aligned properly in a business setup is to improve on the productivity and profitability of a business as these activities tend to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the production process. Every business should thus ensure proper organization of their operations management for improved productivity at reduced costs. The set of processes and activities involved in the creation and delivery of goods and services by transforming inputs to outputs is what is defined as operations management. The Case study is a description of the processes and activities involved in the harvesting and packaging of Lettuce and celery in the fields of Lincolnshire. These activities are performed manually in the fields by a number of personnel who play different roles in the process. A number of persons have been assigned the task of picking the products to form the gardens while others are involved in packag ing and labeling of the products for transportation to the different outlets. From the input transformation output model, the transformation is seen as any processes and activities involved in the conversion of different inputs into outputs that have added value. The products of the transformation process have more value designed to satisfy the customer's tastes and preferences as well as attracting more customers and thus profits. In the case study of Lettuce and celery harvesting, more value is added to the products by removing the unwanted parts and packaging into bags that improve the handling of the products by distributors and customers as well. This adds value to the products and thus fetching better prices for the products.

Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress - Essay Example onto his country and as the result of purges a great number of intellectual people were sent to the so-called reeducation camps thus â€Å"ignorance was in fashion†. As in the story by Dai Sijie, two young sons of doctors were sent to a remote village to such a camp. Having a very slim chance of ever being allowed back to the city, the boys had to adjust to the life in the village; they had to endure humiliation and hard labor. The only books they were allowed to read were books approved by communists. Even playing the music could be dangerous if it was not a music approved by Chairman Mao. Most members of village the Narrator and Luo were sent to were illiterate and had low aspirations. They were uneducated: a clock was a novelty for them and, more so, the violin, which they considered a toy. The only person who ever saw such musical instrument was the tailor. However, he never heard the music it played. The â€Å"revolutionary peasants† were very ignorant. When Luo contracted malaria, the choice of cure was weeping and a â€Å"shock treatment† in the ice-cold water. When the narrator and Luo met a very beautiful little seamstress and her father, both of the young man became attracted to her. Luo confessed, though, that she was â€Å"too uncivilized† for him to fall in love. When, through the series of events, the Narrator and Luo obtained the â€Å"forbidden books†, they also started reading it to the Little Seamstress. Everyone felt the transformative power of the books. The Narrator told about the effect the book had on him: â€Å"To me it was the ultimate book: once you read it, neither your own life nor the world you lived in would ever look the same. ¨ (Sijie 107). The effect the book had on the little Seamstress was even greater. Her uneducated mind became a fertile soil for the new ideas that were coming from books. The life in the city fascinated her. In fact, the book reading or story telling became a favorite entertainment in Phoenix Mountain villages. The

Swan lake Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Swan lake - Essay Example The performance seemed to have been based on expression of the early and the late 1800’s Romantic ballets. The actors’ body movements, their facial expressions as well as the performance costumes, perfectly matched those that were used in during the era of Romantic Ballets of the 1800’s. Apart from the costumes, facial expressions and body movements, the actors also had facial and body make-ups that gave the Swan Lake performance a mood of the late and the 1800’s where, majority of the actors were women, with sharply painted lips, properly defined and eyebrows. On the other hand, men were also decorated with different make-ups that defined their age differences as well as social status. Additionally, the performance had a perfectly coherent classical background music that gave its audience various moods. The music generally gave a feeling of sadness added by the sad facial expression exhibited by some of the actors. In terms of lighting, the performance involved the use of different lighting colors, basically indicating the different moods of the idea passed across by the actors. The lighting was properly integrated with the background music in the sense that when, the music played at a faster frequency, a different background light was flashed. The performance had a happy ending, usually evident in most love stories. This is another feature that gave it a feel of the Romantic ballets that were common in the early and the late 1800’s. In as much as the performance had various features associated with Romantic ballets, the there was too much use of certain colors specifically, the white color that was used majorly by the lady actors. This color was too conspicuous and created a sense of boredom. In addition, there were some dull colors used by the male actors that made the performance quite dull and boring, thus reducing the overall quality of the performance

Effect of Magnetic Field on Hydrodynamic Behavior

Effect of Magnetic Field on Hydrodynamic Behavior Effect of Magnetic Field on hydrodynamic behavior in a Microchannel Heat Sink Mohammad Nasiri 1*, Mohammad Mehdi Rashidi 2, 1 Department Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran 2 Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. ABSTRACT In this study, hydrodynamic behavior nanofluid (Fe3O4-water) in a MicroChannel Heat Sink (MCHS) with Offset Fan Shaped under magnetic field was numerically investigated. The two phase mixture model was used to simulate the nanofluid flow. Flow was assumed laminar, steady and incompressible. The effects of changing Reynolds number, power magnetic field, and nanoparticle diameter on fluid behavior are considered. The results show that the friction factor decreases and Nusselt number enhances whit rising Reynolds number. Whit increases intensity magnetic field the pressure drop, friction factor and Nusselt number increasing. The results indicate that non-uniform magnetic field has more effect on nanofluid behavior compare uniform magnetic field. Keywords Nanofluid; Microchannel heat sink; Magnetic field; Friction factor; Nusselt number Nomenclature ,z Cartesian coordinate axes Velocity component in x and y and z direction, respectively (m/s) (a,b) Center of magnetic wire (m) Velocity vector (m/s) 0 Velocity inlet (m/s) Acceleration vector (m/s2) Thermal conductivity (W/m K) Specific heat capacity at constant pressure Boltzmann constant (1.3806503ÃÆ'-10-23 J/K) Temperature (K) I Electric intensity (A) H Magnetic field intensity vector (A/m) Heat flux (1 MW/m2) Channel width (300ÃÆ'-10-6m) Hydraulic diameter (0.00001333 m) Channel length (2.70ÃÆ'-10-3m) Drag coefficient Mean velocity (m/s) Drift velocity (m/s) Slip velocity (m/s) d Mean diameter (nm) Nu= Nuselt number friction factor = Reynolds number Prandtlnumber Magnetic field (T) Greek symbols magnetic permeability in vacuum (4à Ã¢â€š ¬ÃƒÆ'-10-7 Tm/A) Dynamic viscosity (kg/m s) Thermal expansion coefficient(thermal expansion coefficient (K-1) Density (kg/m3) Mean free path (17ÃÆ'-10-9 m) Magnetic susceptibility Particle volume fraction Electrical conductivity (s/m) Subscripts Particle Base fluid bw Bottom wall Effective Average Introduction Nanofluids has higher thermal conductivities compared to them base fluids [1-5]. Currently the use of nanofluids in thermal engineering systems such as heat exchangers [6-7], microchannels [8-10] , chillers, medical applications [11,12], and solar collectors [13]. Tsai and Chein[14] investigated analytically nanofluid (water-copper and nanotube)   flow in microchannel heat sink. They was found that optimum values of aspect ratio and nanofluid did not make conversion in MCHS thermal resistance. Kalteh et al. [15] investigated the laminar nanofluid flow in rectangular microchannel heat sink both numerically and experimentally. Compared the experimental and numerical results presented that two-phase Eulerian-Eulerian method results are in better accordance with experimental results than the single-phase modeling. The reasons experimentally   study by Azizi et al.[16] reported that Nusselt numbers decreases whit rising Reynolds number and enhancement heat transfer by using nanoparticles camper to that of pure water for similar Reynolds number. Sheikholeslami et al. [17] studied effect nanoparticle on heat transfer in a cavity square containing a rectangular heated body numerically. They indicated that using nanoparticle increasing he at transfer and dimensionless entropy generation. Micro channel heat sink (MCHS) using in many applications, such as microelectronics and high energy laser. MCHS cooling is very important because heat flux in this channel higher than regular channel. Many studies analyzed the convective heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in micro channel heat sink in recently many years ago[18-24]. Sakanova et al. [25] investigated effects of wavy channel structure on hydrodynamic behavior in microchannel heat sink. They found that increasing nanoparticles in pure water the effect of wavy wall unnoticeable. Radwan et al. [26] using nanofluid on heat transfer microchannel heat sink in low concentrated photovoltaic systems investigated numerically. They show that nanofluids is effective technique for enhance heat transfer. Tabrizi and Seyf [27] investigated laminar Al2O3-water nanofluid flow in a microchannel heat sink. They showed that increasing volume fraction of Al2O3 and nanoparticle size reducing the entropy generation. Chai et al. [28-30] studied hydrothermal characteristics of laminar flow microchannel heat sink with fan-shaped ribs. Their results presented that used the fan-shaped ribs the average friction factor 1.1-8.28 times larger than the regular microchannel, while used the offset fan-shaped ribs was 1.22-6.27 times increases. Also the microchannel with large ribs height and small ribs spacing, the frictional entropy generation rate increases and thermal entropy generation rate decreases comparing than the smooth microchannel. Magnetic fluid (ferrofluid) is a stable colloidal suspension consisting of a base liquid and magnetic nanoparticles that are coated with a surfactant layer and it can be controlled by external magnetic fields [31]. Sundar et al. [32-33] experimentally studied the heat transfer characteristic of Fe3O4 ferrofluid in a circular tube whit applied magnetic field. They detected that the heat transfer increases compared to water flow at same operating condition. Aminfar et al. [34-36] studied effect different magnetic field on ferrofluid for different channels. They showed that using the uniform and non-uniform transverse magnetic increasing heat transfer coefficient and friction factor. Also shown that non-uniform transverse magnetic enhanced heat transfer more than axial non-uniform magnetic field. In this study, the uniform and non-uniform transverse magnetic effect on heat transfer of ferrofluids flow in a microchannel heat sink with offset fan shaped by using mixture model. The effects of uniform and non-uniform transverse power magnetic fields, Reynolds number and nanoparticle diameter variation are studied in details. Governing Equations Researchers presented different models for numerical analysis in multi-phase flows [37-40]. The mixture model is one of methods for nanofluid analyses [38-41]. In this study, flow is assumed steady state, incompressible and laminar with constant thermo-physical properties. The effects of body forces and dissipation are negligible. Also, for calculate the density variations due to buoyancy force was used the Boussinesq approximation. Considering these assumptions, the dimensional equations define as: Continuity equations: (1) Momentum equations: (2) The term refers to Kelvin force; it results from the electric current flowing through the wire. In this equation, H is Magnetic field intensity vector that determined as [42]: (3) where (4) (5) I is electric intensity. The wire direction is parallel to the longitudinal channel and in the center of cross section at the (a, b). Also, M is the magnetization in Equation (2) and determined as [36]: (6) where is magnetic susceptibility of ferrofluid at 4% volume fraction for different mean diameter is present in Table 1. Table 1. magnetic susceptibility of ferrofluid for different mean diameter mean diameter magnetic susceptibility 10 0.34858668 20 2.7886935 30 9.4118388 In Equation (2), is called Lorentz force that determined as: (7) Where and are respectively effective electrical conductivity and nanofluid velocity vector, also is the induced uniform magnetic field that can be calculated by intensity of magnetic field: (8) Energy equation: (9) Volume fraction equations: (10) In Equation (10), Vm, and Vdr are the mean velocity and the drift velocity, respectively, that be defined as: (11) (12) where à Ã¢â‚¬   is the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The drift velocity depends on the slip velocity. The slip velocity defined as the velocity of base fluid (bf) with respect to velocity of nanoparticles (p) and determined as: (13) (14) The slip velocity is presented by Manninen et al. [31e]: (15) In Equation (15) f drag and r are drag coefficient and acceleration respectively, which can be calculated by: (16) (17) In Equation (16), Rep = Vmdp/veff is the Reynolds number of particles. Nanofluids Properties The physical properties of water and Fe3O4 nano-particles are shown in Table 2. The water-Fe3O4 nanofluidis assumed is homogenous that the thermos-physical mixture properties calculated for 4% volume fraction of nanoparticles. Table 2. Properties of base fluid and nanoparticles [35,40]. Properties Water Fe3O4 Density (kg/m3) 997.1 5200 Specific heat capacity (J/kgà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â€ž ¢K) 4180 670 Thermal conductivity (W/mà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â€ž ¢K) 0.613 6 Electrical conductivity (s/m) 5.3 25,000 Dynamic viscosity (kg/mà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â€ž ¢s) 0.0009963 The physical mixture properties are calculated by means of the following equations: Density of nanofluid: (18) Specific heat capacity of the nanofluid: (19) Dynamic viscosity of nanofluid [43]: (20) Thermal expansion coefficient of nanofluid [35]: (21) Electrical conductivity [36]: . (22) Based on the Brownian motion velocity is Thermal conductivity of nanofluid [44]: (23) dp and dbf are particle diameter(nm) and molecular base fluid (0.2 nm). In Equation (23) Pr and Re are Prandtl and Reynolds number, respectively defined as: (24) (25) Also, in Equation (25) is water mean free path (17 nm) and kB is Boltzmann constant (1.3807 ÃÆ'- 10à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢23 J/K). Deà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ nition of Physical Domain and numerical method Fig.1 shown the geometry of the microchannel heat sink with offset fan-shaped reentrant cavities in sidewall. The channel width and space between a pair cavity is 300 ÃŽÂ ¼m.The channel length is 2.70 mm with a thickness of 350 ÃŽÂ ¼m and the pitch distance of two longitudinal microchannels is 150 ÃŽÂ ¼m. The channel cross section heat sink has a constant width of 100 ÃŽÂ ¼m and constant depth of 200 ÃŽÂ ¼m and   radius of the fan-shaped reentrant cavity is 100 ÃŽÂ ¼m. a) b) c) Fig. 1. a) Geometry of microchannel in the present study b) Cross-sectional plane of transverse non-uniform magnetic field c) Transverse uniform magnetic field In this study, used the finite volume (FV) method to numerically solved non-linear partial differential equations. The velocity pressure coupling by SIMPLEC algorithm. The discretization of momentum and energy equations used the second order upwind scheme and the solid phase equations became discretization by first order scheme. In this study for evaluate of effect the mesh points on the precision of the results, several grid sizes have been tested for the constant heat flux at Re = 300 are given in Table 3. The 1188000 grids is adequately suitable. Table 3. Grid independent test (Re = 200,T0 = 300, 4% vol.). V/V0 T/T0 Grid 1.038 1.027 672914 1.029 1.019 889440 1.023 1.013 1188000 1.02 1.011 1591128 In order to validate this, the amount of mean temperature at the bottom of the microchannel compared by numerical result of Chai et al.[45](Fig.2). Also for comparison effect the magnetic field, the dimensionless velocity under the magnetic field compared by analytical results of Shercliff [46] that shown in Fig. 3 and can be seen a good agreement between results. Figure 2. Comparison of the results for average temperature bottom heat sink Fig.3 Comparison between numerical and analytical results for flow under magnetic field Boundary conditions The set of non-linear elliptical governing equations are solved by using the boundary conditions in the entrance of microchannel (Z = 0), u = 0; v = 0; w = v0 ; T = T0 (26) at the microchannel outlet (Z = 2.7 mm): ; u = 0; v = 0 ;P = Patm (27) In the left and right sides of microchannel outer adiabatic walls (X = 0 w): (28) In the microchannel inner walls: (29) (30) Finally, a constant heat flux condition is imposed at micro heat sink bottom wall (y = 0). Results and discussion The variations of pressure drop and Reynolds number for various transverse magnetic fields are shown in Fig. 3a. It can be seen that for a given fluid, the pressure drop increases by increasing the Reynolds number because rising the velocity inlet. As shown in Fig. 3b whit increases intensity uniform and non-uniform magnetic field in the same Reynolds number (Re=300), the pressure drop increases for non-uniform magnetic because the secondary flow near wall became larger and powerful. Also scale up particle diameter of 10nm to 30nm decreasing pressure drop (Fig. 3c). a) b) c) Fig. 3. Effects of various a) Reynolds number [H=6ÃÆ'-106, dp=30nm] b) power magnetic field gradients [Re=300, dp=30nm] c) particle diameter [H=8ÃÆ'-106, Re=300] on the pressure drop Fig. 4 presented streamlines for various magnetic fields at 0.0015à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ Z à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤0.002. As shown in Fig.4, when magnetic field is weak the streamlines same together because the magnetic field had not enough powerful for veer stream. By increases intensity magnetic field the nanofluid flow shift to near wall and thereupon the vortex in reentrant cavities became powerful Fig.5. Fig. 4. Stream lines in same Reynolds number (Re=300) and particle diameter [dp= 30nm] for a) non-magnetic field b) non-uniform magnetic field (H=6ÃÆ'-106 A/m) c) uniform magnetic field (H=6ÃÆ'-106 A/m) Fig. 5. Stream lines in same Reynolds number (Re=300) and particle diameter [dp= 30nm] for non-uniform magnetic field a) H= 6ÃÆ'-106 A/m c) H=8ÃÆ'-106 A/m The friction factor decreases as Reynolds number increases (Fig. 6a). The magnetic field cannot overcome viscous force and affect mean velocity when intensity magnetic field is low, therefor the friction factor is almost fixed for using magnetic and non-magnetic field. Whit increases intensity magnetic field the mean velocity decreases and while the pressure drop increases (Fig. 3.b); therefore, the friction factor increases at maximum intensity field (Fig. 6b). Also scale up particle diameter the main velocity and pressure drop decreases. The uniform transverse magnetic field is depended to velocity that whit decreasing velocity the uniform transverse effect decreases on flow, so friction factor rising (Fig. 6c). a) b) c) Fig. 6. Effects of various a) Reynolds number [H=6ÃÆ'-106, dp=30nm] b) power magnetic field gradients [Re=300, dp=30nm] c) particle diameter [H=8ÃÆ'-106, Re=300] on the friction factor Figure 7 shows the variations of average temperature bottom heat sink for different condition. Whit increasing Reynolds numbers the velocity increasing too and the vortex in reentrant cavities became bigger and powerful, thus average temperature bottom heat sink decreases (Fig. 7a). Effects of various power magnetic field gradients [Re=300, dp=30nm] on average temperature bottom heat sink presented in Fig. 7b. When the intensity magnetic field is weak cannot affect average velocity because cannot overcome viscous force. By strengthening the non-uniform transverse magnetic field the average velocity became larger and growth vortex in channel, therefore average temperature bottom heat sink reduces. Particle diameter rising, the non-uniform transverse magnetic had more effect than uniform transverse magnetic and non-magnetic on average temperature bottom heat sink (Fig. 7c). Whit scale up particle diameter decreasing thermal conductivity and heat transfer for when applied uniform transv erse magnetic because it independent of particle diameter. Figure 8 presented the variations of average Nusselt number for different condition. Nusselt number enhances with Reynolds number in

The Reluctant Scientist :: Personal Narrative Science Essays

The Reluctant Scientist So I have to ask myself, how it came to pass that a woman who has little interest in science (never, in fact, dissected so much as a single frog in high school), who never wanted to teach children any older than second graders, and who most importantly, loathes, and I mean that with a capital L, Loathesrodents of all sorts, came to be in a science classroom full of fourth grade students, picking rats’ bones out of hairballs? Well, it wasn’t easy, let me tell you. It all began innocently enough about two years ago, when my younger daughter, now ten, came home full of bubbling enthusiasm for her classes’ latest science project. â€Å"We’re doing owl pellets, Mom,† she informed me. â€Å"We get to find the bones and take them out and figure out what they are! Today we found a vole’s skull!† Having no idea what she was talking about, I said what all good moms do in order to demonstrate I was properly interested, â€Å"That’s nice dear,† and promptly forgot about what she had said as I turned my attention to something that I did understand. Owl pellets only returned to the forefront of my thinking several days later, when I visited my daughter’s classroom to fulfill my ongoing volunteer commitment to the school. The students were in the middle of science when I arrived, and spread out on their desks were an assortment of scales, rulers, tweezers, charts, tiny bones, and suspicious looking piles of gray fluff. Caitlin sprang from her desk and ran towards me. â€Å"Mom! Come see what Kimhee and I have!† Pulling me by the arm, she brought me over to her and her partner’s table, where they had the same odd assortment of items. It appeared as if the were reassembling some of the bones into a rather dubious looking skeleton. Wrinkling my nose, I asked, â€Å"What isthat?† â€Å"It’s the skeleton of a vole, Mommy. I told you all about it at home,† Caitlin replied, somewhat accusingly. Kimhee reached into the stack of papers on the table and extracted a detailed diagram of what appeared to be a rodent skeleton and offered it to me. â€Å"We got the bones from our owl pellet, and now we’re putting them back together,† Caitlin continued. â€Å"See, here’s the skull. We had another one, but we don’t have enough of the rest of the bones to make two skeletons.† â€Å"What exactly is an owl pellet?† I inquired hesitantly, not at all sure that I wanted to know the answer. Once again, my daughter looked at me impatiently. The Reluctant Scientist :: Personal Narrative Science Essays The Reluctant Scientist So I have to ask myself, how it came to pass that a woman who has little interest in science (never, in fact, dissected so much as a single frog in high school), who never wanted to teach children any older than second graders, and who most importantly, loathes, and I mean that with a capital L, Loathesrodents of all sorts, came to be in a science classroom full of fourth grade students, picking rats’ bones out of hairballs? Well, it wasn’t easy, let me tell you. It all began innocently enough about two years ago, when my younger daughter, now ten, came home full of bubbling enthusiasm for her classes’ latest science project. â€Å"We’re doing owl pellets, Mom,† she informed me. â€Å"We get to find the bones and take them out and figure out what they are! Today we found a vole’s skull!† Having no idea what she was talking about, I said what all good moms do in order to demonstrate I was properly interested, â€Å"That’s nice dear,† and promptly forgot about what she had said as I turned my attention to something that I did understand. Owl pellets only returned to the forefront of my thinking several days later, when I visited my daughter’s classroom to fulfill my ongoing volunteer commitment to the school. The students were in the middle of science when I arrived, and spread out on their desks were an assortment of scales, rulers, tweezers, charts, tiny bones, and suspicious looking piles of gray fluff. Caitlin sprang from her desk and ran towards me. â€Å"Mom! Come see what Kimhee and I have!† Pulling me by the arm, she brought me over to her and her partner’s table, where they had the same odd assortment of items. It appeared as if the were reassembling some of the bones into a rather dubious looking skeleton. Wrinkling my nose, I asked, â€Å"What isthat?† â€Å"It’s the skeleton of a vole, Mommy. I told you all about it at home,† Caitlin replied, somewhat accusingly. Kimhee reached into the stack of papers on the table and extracted a detailed diagram of what appeared to be a rodent skeleton and offered it to me. â€Å"We got the bones from our owl pellet, and now we’re putting them back together,† Caitlin continued. â€Å"See, here’s the skull. We had another one, but we don’t have enough of the rest of the bones to make two skeletons.† â€Å"What exactly is an owl pellet?† I inquired hesitantly, not at all sure that I wanted to know the answer. Once again, my daughter looked at me impatiently. The Reluctant Scientist :: Personal Narrative Science Essays The Reluctant Scientist So I have to ask myself, how it came to pass that a woman who has little interest in science (never, in fact, dissected so much as a single frog in high school), who never wanted to teach children any older than second graders, and who most importantly, loathes, and I mean that with a capital L, Loathesrodents of all sorts, came to be in a science classroom full of fourth grade students, picking rats’ bones out of hairballs? Well, it wasn’t easy, let me tell you. It all began innocently enough about two years ago, when my younger daughter, now ten, came home full of bubbling enthusiasm for her classes’ latest science project. â€Å"We’re doing owl pellets, Mom,† she informed me. â€Å"We get to find the bones and take them out and figure out what they are! Today we found a vole’s skull!† Having no idea what she was talking about, I said what all good moms do in order to demonstrate I was properly interested, â€Å"That’s nice dear,† and promptly forgot about what she had said as I turned my attention to something that I did understand. Owl pellets only returned to the forefront of my thinking several days later, when I visited my daughter’s classroom to fulfill my ongoing volunteer commitment to the school. The students were in the middle of science when I arrived, and spread out on their desks were an assortment of scales, rulers, tweezers, charts, tiny bones, and suspicious looking piles of gray fluff. Caitlin sprang from her desk and ran towards me. â€Å"Mom! Come see what Kimhee and I have!† Pulling me by the arm, she brought me over to her and her partner’s table, where they had the same odd assortment of items. It appeared as if the were reassembling some of the bones into a rather dubious looking skeleton. Wrinkling my nose, I asked, â€Å"What isthat?† â€Å"It’s the skeleton of a vole, Mommy. I told you all about it at home,† Caitlin replied, somewhat accusingly. Kimhee reached into the stack of papers on the table and extracted a detailed diagram of what appeared to be a rodent skeleton and offered it to me. â€Å"We got the bones from our owl pellet, and now we’re putting them back together,† Caitlin continued. â€Å"See, here’s the skull. We had another one, but we don’t have enough of the rest of the bones to make two skeletons.† â€Å"What exactly is an owl pellet?† I inquired hesitantly, not at all sure that I wanted to know the answer. Once again, my daughter looked at me impatiently.